Tuesday, November 30, 2010

WORLD AIDS DAY

Tomorrow is World Aids Day and I'll be wearing a Red Ribbon, will you?
Started on 1st December 1988, World AIDS Day is about raising money, increasing awareness, fighting prejudice and improving education. The World AIDS Day theme for 2010 is 'Universal Access and Human Rights'. World AIDS Day is important for reminding people that HIV has not gone away, and that there are many things still to be done.
According to UNAIDS estimates, there are now 33.3 million people living with HIV, including 2.5 million children. During 2009 some 2.6 million people became newly infected with the virus and an estimated 1.8 million people died from AIDS.
The vast majority of people with HIV and AIDS live in lower- and middle-income countries. But HIV today is a threat to men, women and children on all continents around the world.

Find out more by visiting the World AIDS Day campaign page.


Monday, November 29, 2010

Slang: American vs British

This is a very funny video of Hugh Laurie (Dr House, An American doctor played by a British actor) at Ellen's Show (an American Comedian and TV Host) where they test each other on slang terms from their own countries. I hope you find it as amusing as I did. Enjoy!

Sunday, November 28, 2010

THE BRITISH LIBRARY: UK ACCENTS

The British Library has really interesting websites, very useful to those who, like me, love the English language. You can try the learning website first and go on from there. I've chosen one about accents and dialects as we talked about this last Friday in the Bilingual group:

Sounds Familiar?

Travel through the country in this website by the British Library Online, and discover the UK’s rich landscape of diverse accents and dialects.
 The UK is a rich landscape of regional accents and dialects, each evidence of society’ s continuity and change, local history and day-to-day lives. This site captures and celebrates the diversity of spoken English in the second half of the twentieth century.

Wednesday, November 24, 2010

25 November, International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women

  Officially recognised by the United Nations since 1999, when it declared 25th November as International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women, White Ribbon Day first originated in 1960.  It was on this day, 49 years ago, that three sisters in the Dominican Republic, all political activists and campaigners for equal rights, were murdered by people working for the fascist government they opposed.  Since then the sisters – Patria, Maria and Minerva Mirabel – have become symbols of dignity and inspiration around the world:
July 1981
Women from across Latin America came together in Columbia. Appalled by the extent and diversity of violence against women, they agreed to hold an annual day of protest, and they decided to adopt 25th November as the date for this International Day Against Violence Against Women in memory of the Mirabel sisters.
1991
The first White Ribbon Campaign was launched by a group of men in Canada after the brutal mass shooting of 14 female students at the University of Montreal.
1996
In South Africa the National Network on Violence Against Women launched their own White Ribbon Campaign and many South African womens groups quickly adopted the White Ribbon symbol.
1998
WOMANKIND launched the first White Ribbon Day in the UK.
1999
The UN officially recognised 25th November as International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women.
The White Ribbon is a symbol of hope for a world where women and girls can live free from the fear of violence. Wearing the ribbon is about challenging the acceptability of violence by getting men involved, helping women to break the silence, and encouraging everyone to come together to build a better world for all.

Source: http://www.whiteribboncampaign.co.uk/FAQs


Monday, November 22, 2010

Black Friday

Black Friday is the Friday after Thanksgiving, when Christmas shopping season begins.   Black Friday, as a term, originated in Philadelphia in the 60s to refer to the traffic associated with the biggest shopping day of the year.
This is how Black Friday works.  Retailers distribute ads in Thanksgiving newspapers of crazy deals.  You have to arrive sometimes between 3:00 AM and 6:00 AM to take advantage of the specials.  They’re often called “doorbusters”.  These sales are so cheap, the companies are either losing money or making practically nothing on every sale.
These sales are known as “loss leaders”.  They are designed to get your attention and get you into the store. Odds are you’ll have your eyes set on one item and when you get to the store it’s sold out.  These items are often in very limited quantities.  But you’re already at the store with a shopping list so you’re going to buy everything else you had to buy that day.
One way or another, they will get money out of you. 

The Toys R Us Black Friday ad

Thanksgiving

Thanksgiving is one of the most popular holidays in the United States today. It is celebrated on the last thursday of November (25 Nov this year). No matter what Americans are giving thanks for , it’s a great opportunity to spend time with family and friends, share stories and relax.
More about thanksgiving at history.com

Tuesday, November 16, 2010

How to make an oral presentation

Oral Presentations: Basics

The Big Rule: Tell them what you're going to tell them. Tell them. Tell them what you told them.
In other words, your presentation should have three parts: an introduction, body, and conclusion. Let's look at these three parts and see what you should include in each.

The Introduction
The purpose of the introduction is not only to introduce your topic, but also to interest your audience in the topic.
  1. Grab the audience's attention by somehow involving them in your topic. You can do this by asking a question, offering an interesting fact, using a quotation or telling a short story. (The question "How many people here have a home computer?" is a lot more interesting than "Today I'm going to tell you about the Internet.")
  2. You should preview the content of your presentation by offering a brief outline of what you will be discussing. You may also want to include why you choose this topic to present on.
The Body
The body of your presentation should support your introduction by offering facts, opinions, and reasons to support your topic. It should contain at least three ideas with supporting details to illustrate your point.

The Conclusion
The conclusion should restate the main points without giving examples. Think of it as a brief summary which emphasizes what you want the audience to remember. You can finish with a recommendation, a personal thought, an observation, or a question. Your closing statement (the last statement) should pull your presentation together.

Some tips:
  1. Write notes based on keywords.
  2. Rehearse your presentation several times and modify it as necessary.
  3. Make use of  visual aids.
  4. Use clear, simple language.
  5. Use active verbs and concrete facts.
  6. Explain the structure of your presentation at the beginning so that your listeners know what to expect.
  7. Establish audience rapport.


Saturday, November 13, 2010

The song I Got Love by the King Blues was featured in the programme we watched in class, My School Prom. I'm posting it here because I really like it and I thought you may like it too. Also, I love the (working class) London accent: pay attention to it.

Here's the lyrics to the song:
Well I'm gonna dance like nobody's watchin
I'm gonna sing like no-one's listenin
I'm gonna kiss you like we're all alone
Cause this world is ours
We're the have not but the have all's
At twice the speed of lightning I travel.
Through the universe i will runt
to write your name in the stars.
Cos some truths will last forever.
Music can bring the world together
I got life man, I will use it til they lay me down to rest
So let’s party in the supermarkets
Move to the rhythm of my heartbeat
I’ll take my tie right off my neck
and wear it tied up round my head

Chorus
I got love, I got so much love
Love in my heart and this feeling I can’t let it go
I got love, I got so much love
Love in my heart and this feeling I can’t let it go

Mountains crumble as I pass
This life’s too beautiful to last
I feel a spirit rise inside me
Something’s happening in the air,
With my feet right on the ground
And my head up in the clouds
We are one people, we are equal
You are wonderful and rare

Chorus
I got love, I got so much love,
Love in my heart and this feeling I can’t let it go
I got love, I got so much love
Love in my heart and this feeling I can’t let it go

Though we try so hard, they disdain us
But these walls they can’t contain us

I laugh right in the face of death,
I’ll fight this fight til my last breath,
For the frightened fall as often yet far closer than the brave,
We only got one life, let’s use it,
You can’t stop the movement,
So choke on that, you can quote that
You can write it on my grave,

"I got love", I got so much love
Love in my heart and this feeling I can’t let it go
I got love I got so much love
Love in my heart and this feeling I can’t let it go
I got love I got so much love
Love in my heart and this feeling I can’t let it go
I got love, I got so much love
Love in my heart and this feeling I can’t let it go

UK education system

There are 4 stages to the UK education system. Students are assessed at the end of each stage:
The first significant assessment occurs at the end of Secondary level with GCSE exams (General Certificate of Secondary Education). Students are then able to progress to Sixth Form. On completion of their Sixth Form studies, most students can progress straight to University.


Secondary Education

UK students usually begin a 2-year GCSE programme at age 14, with exams that test knowledge and skill. In secondary schools, GCSE courses are taken in a variety of subjects, which are usually decided by the students themselves in Year 9 (age 14). Typically, study of chosen subjects begins at the start of Year 10 (age 15), and final examinations are then taken at the end of Year 11 (age 16). The number of subjects a student studies at GCSE level can vary. Usually somewhere between eight and ten subjects are studied, though it is not uncommon for more, or fewer, subjects to be studied. Virtually all students take GCSEs in English, mathematics and science. In many subjects, there are two different 'tiers' of examination offered:
  • Higher, where students can achieve grades A*–D
  • Foundation, where they can achieve grades C–G

Further education

Receiving five or more A*–C grades, including English and Maths, is often a requirement for taking A-levels in the school sixth form, at a sixth form college or at a further education college after leaving secondary school. An A-level consists of six modules studied over two years. Normally, three modules are assessed at the end of the first year, and make up a stand-alone qualification called the "AS-level". Another three modules are assessed at the end of the second year, which make up the "A2". A2 modules do not form a qualification in their own right; the satisfactory completion of the AS and A2 modules in the same subject is required to constitute a complete A-level.
Modules are assessed by exam papers marked by national organisations and internally-assessed coursework. The number of A-level exams taken by students can vary. A typical route is to study four subjects at AS-level and then drop down to three at A2 level, although some students continue with their fourth subject. Three is usually the minimum number of A-levels required for university entrance, with some universities specifying the need for a fourth AS subject.


University admissions

Because A-level students often apply to universities before they have taken their final exams, British universities consider predicted A-level results when deciding whether applicants should be offered places. The predictions are made by students' teachers and can be unreliable. Thus, the acceptance of a student onto a course will normally be conditional on him or her actually achieving a minimum set of grades (for example, conditional offer of three A-levels at grades B-B-C). Universities may specify which subjects they wish these grades to be in (for example, conditional offer of grades A-A-B with a grade A in Mathematics).

LIST OF GCSE SUBJECTS
LIST OF ADVANCED LEVEL SUBJECTS

Thursday, November 11, 2010

VETERANS DAY

Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Washington D.C.

I have already written about Remembrance Day in the UK (see Nov 7 post). In the USA today they also celebrate the end of the Great War and the Armistice, but there it's called Veterans Day.
Veterans Day originated as "Armistice Day" on Nov. 11, 1919, the first anniversary of the end of World War I. Congress passed a resolution in 1926 for an annual observance, and Nov. 11 became a national holiday beginning in 1938. Veterans Day is not to be confused with Memorial Day--a common misunderstanding, according to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Memorial Day (the fourth Monday in May) honors American service members who died in service to their country or as a result of injuries incurred during battle, while Veterans Day pays tribute to all American veterans--living or dead--but especially gives thanks to living veterans who served their country honorably during war or peacetime.

Veterans Facts

The brave men and women who serve and protect the U.S. come from all walks of life; they are parents, children and grandparents. They are friends, neighbors and coworkers, and an important part of their communities. Here are some facts about the current veteran population of the United States.
  • 9.2 million veterans are over the age of 65.
  • 1.9 million veterans are under the age of 35.
  • 1.8 million veterans are women.
  • 7.8 million veterans served during the Vietnam War era (1964-1975), which represents 33% of all living veterans.
  • 5.2 million veterans served during the Gulf War (representing service from Aug. 2, 1990, to present).
  • 2.6 million veterans served during World War II (1941-1945).
  • 2.8 million veterans served during the Korean War (1950-1953).
  • 6 million veterans served in peacetime.
  • As of 2008, 2.9 million veterans received compensation for service-connected disabilities.
  • 5 states have more than 1 million veterans in among their population: California (2.1 million), Florida (1.7 million), Texas (1.7 million), New York (1 million) and Pennsylvania (1 million).
  • The VA health care system had 54 hospitals in 1930, since then it has expanded to include 171 medical centers; more than 350 outpatient, community, and outreach clinics; 126 nursing home care units; and 35 live-in care facilities for injured or disabled vets.

Sunday, November 7, 2010

HIGH SCHOOL TRADITIONS


 Homecoming is a tradition in many universities, colleges and high schools in North America. It usually includes activities for students and alumni, such as sports and culture events and a parade through the streets of the city or town.
 Homecoming is an annual tradition of the United States. People, towns, high schools and colleges come together, usually in late September or early October, to welcome back former residents and alumni. When celebrated by schools, the activities vary widely. However, they usually consist of a football game played on a school's home football field, activities for students and alumni, a parade featuring the school's marching band and sports teams, and the coronation of a Homecoming Queen (and at many schools, a Homecoming King). A dance commonly follows the game. 
The Homecoming Dance – usually the culminating event of the week  – is a formal or informal event, either at the school or an off-campus location. The venue is decorated, and either a disc jockey or band is hired to play music. In many ways, it is a fall prom. Homecoming dances could be informal as well just like standard school dances. At high schools, the homecoming dances are sometimes held in the high school gymnasium or outside in a large field. Students generally compete by grade level in events such as the spirit days and parade floats.  Sometimes on coronation night, some schools have games that they play between classes.

PROM
In the United States and Canada, a prom, short for promenade, is a formal (black tie) dance, or gathering of high school students. It is typically held near the end of junior and/or senior year. It figures greatly in popular culture and is a major event among high school students. High school juniors attending the prom may call it Junior Prom while high school seniors may call it Senior Prom. In practice this may be a combined junior/senior dance.
At prom, a Prom Queen and Prom King may be revealed.  Prom Queen and Prom King are honorary titles awarded to students chosen in a school-wide vote prior to the prom.

Boys usually dress in black or white formal wear, regardless of the time of the event, sometimes paired with brightly colored ties or bow-ties with vests.
Girls wear traditional dresses.
Traditionally girls will also wear a corsage, given to them by their dates, and girls give boys matching boutonnières to be worn on their lapel.

Prom attendees may be limited by their schools to be Juniors or Seniors and if guests, under age 21. Before Prom, girls will typically get their hair styled, often in groups as a social activity at a salon. Prom dates will then gather at their own and their date's houses for photographs. Prom attendees may rent limousines to transport groups of friends from their homes to the Prom venue: a banquet hall or school gymnasium. At Prom, a meal may be served. The dance itself may have a band or DJ.

YEARBOOKS

A yearbook, also known as an annual, is a book to record, highlight, and commemorate the past year of a school. High school yearbooks generally cover a wide variety of topics from academics, student life, sports and other major school events. Generally, each student is pictured with their class and each school organization is usually pictured.
On this page, you can find lots of old school yearbooks.

Poppy Day


Poppy Day - Remembrance Day - is the day when the dead of two World Wars and other armed conflicts are remembered in the UK. The Armistice at the end of the First World War of 1914 - 1918 was signed on November 11th at precisely 11 am - the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month. For this reason, Remembrance Day is on the 11th of November each year although church services and many parades are held on the Sunday nearest that date - in 2010 this will be on 14th November.

A national ceremony takes place at the Cenotaph in Whitehall, London. The Queen lays the first wreath at the Cenotaph.

Remembrance Day is also known as Poppy Day, because it is traditional to wear an artificial poppy. They are sold by the Royal British Legion, a charity dedicated to helping war veterans. 
A poem called 'For the Fallen' is often read aloud during the ceremony; the most famous stanza of which reads:
 Fourth stanza of 'For the Fallen' by Laurence Binyon (1869 - 1943)
You can read the whole poem here
Or you can listen to it

17 year old Crawford McInally-Kier is (or was, as this video is dated last year) a pupil at Hutchesons' Grammar School in Glasgow. His great-great-grandfather served with the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders, and died during the First World War, leaving behind a wife and six month old daughter.

Crawford admits that Remembrance Day was a difficult and rather distant concept for him until he visited the war cemeteries and memorials in Flanders. In this video, Crawford tells how his visit changed the way he views Remembrance Day. 

Why should young people mark Remembrance Day? - November 2009 from War Graves Commission on Vimeo.

Wednesday, November 3, 2010

Bonfire Night (aka Guy Fawkes Day)

Alan Moore’s V For Vendetta

Over four hundred years ago, in 1605, a man called Guy Fawkes and a group of plotters attempted to blow up the Houses of Parliament in London with barrels of gunpowder placed in the basement. They wanted to kill King James and the king’s leaders. 
Why did Guy Fawkes want to kill King James 1st and the king’s leaders?
When Queen Elizabeth 1st took the throne of England she made some laws against the Roman Catholics. Guy Fawkes was one of a small group of Catholics who felt that the government was treating Roman Catholics unfairly. They hoped that King James 1st would change the laws, but he didn't.
Catholics had to practise their religion in secret. There were even fines for people who didn't attend the Protestant church on Sunday or on holy days. James lst passed more laws against the Catholics when he became king.
What happened - the Gungpowder Plot
A group of men led by Robert Catesby, plotted to kill King James and blow up the Houses of Parliament, the place where the laws that governed England were made. The plot was simple - the next time Parliament was opened by King James l, they would blow up everyone there with gunpowder. The men bought a house next door to the parliament building. The house had a cellar which went under the parliament building. They planned to put gunpowder under the house and blow up parliament and the king.
In celebration of his survival, King James ordered that the people of England should have a great bonfire on the night on 5th November. The event is still commemorated annually in England on 5th November by fireworks and burning ‘guys’ (effigies) on bonfires. 

Crime Does Not Pay (True Crimes Comics)


Here' a very popular nursery rhyme that refers to that event in history:

"Remember, remember the fifth of November
The gunpowder treason and plot.
I see no reason why gunpowder treason
Should ever be forgot.

Guy Fawkes, Guy Fawkes, twas his intent
To blow up King and Parli’ment.
Three score barrels were laid below
To prove old England’s overthrow.

By God’s mercy he was catched
With a dark lantern and lighted match.
Holler boys, holler boys, let the bells ring
Holler boys, holler boys, God save the King."


Monday, November 1, 2010

An Autumn Traditional Game: CONKERS


This is a very good article by Sharon Jacobsen about a traditional game usually played in Autumn. I thought that maybe we could give it a try:
 
In an age where children spend a huge percentage of their free time playing with expensive computer games, it's nice to know that some old-fashioned games are still being played outdoors and cost absolutely nothing.

During the fall, wherever you find horse chestnut trees you'll find children playing conkers. It's a game that was enjoyed by their parents, their grandparents, and even their great grandparents and, hopefully, their own children will one day enjoy it, too.

What is A Conker? 

A conker is a hard brown nut that's encapsulated in a green, prickly case produced by the Horse Chestnut tree. The cases fall from trees when they're ripe and can easily be collected from the ground.

In contrast to the nuts produced by the Sweet Chestnut tree, conkers are NOT to be eaten by humans.

Choosing A Conker

If you're serious about your game, choose your conkers carefully. The best ones are symmetrical in form, firm to the touch and should be uncracked.

Use the water test. If a conker is damaged inside it will float in water so this is a good way of testing the density of your nut. Floaters should be discarded while those that sink to the bottom will be the hardest and the best.

Preparing A Conker for Play

Make a hole through the middle of your conker, going from the dull area at the top and down through the bottom. A thin skewer or hand-drill is useful for this.

Choose string that doesn't break easily and thread a length about 12 inches long through the hole and tie a knot at one end to stop it from pulling through.

There are several ways to make your conkers harder, including:

Bake the conker in the oven on a low heat for 30 minutes
Soak the conker in vinegar overnight
Put conkers away to use the following year (they harden with age).

How To Play Conkers 


Two players are needed, each with a conker of his own. Each player holds his conker from the string and attempts to hit the opposing conker.

If your conker is the one being hit, you should let it hang down with the string wrapped around two or three fingers to secure it - you don't want your conker flying off when it's hit! It's up to your opponent to decide how high your conker should be held and it's important it's held still.

If you're the striker, you should wrap the string around your hand in the same way as you would if your conker was being hit. You should then take the conker in your other hand and draw it back, ready to strike. As you release the conker, you should swing it down and try to hit your opponent's conker. If you're successful, this is called a strike. If you miss, you're allowed two more goes before swapping positions.

If, when making a shot, the strings tangle together, the first player to call "strings" is awarded an extra shot.

If a player drops his conker or has it knocked out of his hand, the opposing player can call "stamps" and jump on it. End of one conker! However, if the owner calls "no stamps" first, the conker is safe (unless it smashed when it hit the ground, of course).

The game continues until one conker is completely destroyed; the one with the remaining conker is the winner.

Good luck!   


playing conkers
This is a link to an article on Today's Telegraph about the game and how far people would go over students' safety.